Nephrotic and nephritic syndromes pathoma flashcards. Glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation and thinning of the glomerular basement membrane and the occurrence of small pores in the podocytes of the glomerulus. Nephritic blood the key with nephrotic syndrome is an excess amount of protein in the urine, whereas nephritic syndrome is where there is an excess amount of blood in the urine. Nephritic syndrome is a syndrome comprising signs of nephritis, which is kidney disease involving inflammation. Difference between glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome. The main difference between glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome is the degree of proteinuria. Nephrotic syndrome vs glomerulonephritis nephritic vs. Pdf background and aims nephritic syndrome nis is of significant concern in pediatric nephrology with high progression rate.
The nephrotic syndrome is defined by a urinary protein level exceeding 3. Difference between nephrotic syndrome and nephritic. Nephritic syndrome is also called glomerulonephritis. Jan 23, 2015 no, its the nephrotic presentation of a disease which usually presents as a nephritic syndrome. After 14 days of treatment it was determined in 38. Other ss of nephrotic syndrome patients with nephrotic syndrome will have. What is the difference between nephritic and nephrotic.
As i have already told you that there is a lot of loss of blood in the nephritic syndrome while in nephrotic syndrome, there is loss of proteins and this is the most basic difference between the two. Mar 31, 2021 these syndrome may overlap or coexist especially if the pathological process or disease is uncontrolled, in which case, mostly nephrotic syndrome precedes nephritic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by severe proteinuria, i. Weve also just launched an osce flashcard collection which contains over 800 cards. Aug 16, 2017 a syndrome is a combination of medical problems that show the existence of a particular disease or mental condition. Srinath kumar md group head, narayana hrudayalaya president, society emergency medicine india member special advisory board for emergency medicine, dnb associate editor national journal of emergency medicine. A universal finding in children with cns is elevated urine protein. Difference between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome. Patients also display hypertension, azotemia, and oliguria. The diagnosis of ns is based on typical clinical features with confirmation of heavy proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. At the turn of the century, clinicians distinguished a nephritic syndrome of i. Nephritic syndrome can present with oliguria, hypertension, and hematuria colacolored urine. Summary glomerulonephritis vs nephrotic syndrome both nephritic syndrome and nephrotic syndrome are renal disorders which share few common symptoms. Aug 27, 2018 a comparison between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome from professor hossam mowafy internal medicine textbook nephrology section, please inform me if there is.
Nephr i tic syndrome indicates glomerular i nflammation. Distinction between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome is usually straight forward. Differential diagnosis of nephrotic and nephritic syndrome is carried out after clinical and laboratory studies. Nephrotic syndrome in pediatric patients 1 epidemiology in the united states, incidence of 2. Difference between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome compare. Nephrotic syndrome can happen even after a transplant and harm your new kidney. Later the patient developed ht and renal dysfunction, and will fall in the syndromic diagnosis of nephritic syndrome the whole exercise of this case was to tell you that the classification of glomerular disease is not perfect. Nephrotic syndrome is a disease of the kidney while nephritic syndrome is a disease of the glomeruli. Differential diagnosis of nephritic and nephrotic syndroms. Patients typically present with edema and fatigue, without evidence of. Jan 27, 2021 nephrotic syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms indicating damage to the glomerular filtration barrier.
The thing with nephritic syndrome is that the lesions causing it all have increased cellularity within the glomeruli, accompanied by a leukocytic infiltrate hence the suffix itic. While the nephrotic syndrome is mediated by damage to the podocyte an epithelial cell and the glomerular basement membrane gbm, nephritic syndrome occurs as a result of inflammatory damage to the renal endothelium. The many different causes of glomerular disease can be generally classified into one of three major syndromes. Learn about nephrotic syndrome vs glomerulonephritis in comparison to nursing management, signs and symptoms, causes, and pathophysiology. Jan 18, 2021 nephritic syndrome is an inflammatory process that is defined as the presence of one or more of the following. In nephrotic syndrome, there is a massive proteinuria with the protein loss usually over 3. Because nephritic syndrome is a syndrome and not a disease, the prognosis depends on the underlying cause. In contrast to nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria and generalized edema are less pronounced or nonexistent in those with nephritic syndrome. Mar 04, 2020 pediatric nephrotic syndrome, also known as nephrosis, is defined by the presence of nephrotic range proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia, and hypoalbuminemia. Patients typically present with edema and fatigue, without evidence of heart failure or severe liver disease. Nephrotic syndrome vs nephritic syndrome explained nephritic vs.
Depending on the specific underlying conditions of the two, nephrotic syndrome often is the more serious. Aug 18, 2020 the main difference between this and nephrotic syndrome is that in nephritic syndrome haematuria is present. Nephrotic syndrome versus nephritic syndrome current. According to the cdc, nephritisnephrosis nephritic syndrome was the 9th leading cause of death in the united states in 2017. Nephrotic syndrome in pregnancy poses risks with both. Evaluation of nephrotic syndrome differential diagnosis of. Describe the complications of nephrotic and nephritic syndromes. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Nephrotic syndrome vs nephritic syndrome explained nephritic. Nephrotic vs nephritic syndrome nephritic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome can present with a spectrum of findings ranging from asymptomatic. Nephrotic range proteinuria in adults is characterized by protein excretion of 3.
The two standout features are hypertension and rbc casts. Nephrotic syndrome manifests the classic symptoms, such as. Edema may also be present, although it is not nearly as severe as in nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following is consistent with nephrotic syndrome. Diagnosis and management of nephrotic syndrome in adults. The most common cause is immunoglobulin a iga nephropathy, also known as bergers disease, but other causes include postinfectious glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis. Anemia was found only in patients who were ill with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Ashley jefferson1 1division of nephrology, department of medicine, university of washington school of medicine, seattle, washington, usa.
Three distinct variants of nephrotic syndrome exist based on the histologic findings. Nephrotic syndrome, nephritic syndrome, and asymptomatic renal disease. Nephrotic syndrome is a clinicopathological condition which develops when there is significant damage to the glomeruli which leads to heavy proteinuria 3. Clinically, categorizing glomerular renal disease into syndromes, such as nephrotic syndrome and nephritic syndrome, helps to narrow the differential diagnosis. The finnish type is an autosomal recessive disorder most common presents during the. The underlying abnormality in nephrotic syndrome is an permeability of the glomerular capillary wall proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. By contrast, nephrotic syndrome is characterized by only proteins proteinuria moving into the urine. However, there are differences between nephrotic syndrome and nephritic syndrome in the clinical features. Haematuria can be frank haematuria or microscopic oedema to a lesser extent compared to nephrotic syndrome.
Nephritic syndrome is a condition involving haematuria, mild to moderate proteinuria typically less than 3. The key with nephrotic syndrome is an excess amount of protein in the urine, whereas nephritic syndrome is where there is an excess amount of blood in the urine. Nephritic syndrome is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli glomerulonephritis and renal dysfunction. Evaluation of nephrotic syndrome differential diagnosis. Nephritic syndrome an overview sciencedirect topics. Nephro tic syndrome is a disease of the kidney while nephritic syndrome is a disease of the glomeruli. Nephrotic vs nephritic syndrome if youd like to support us and get something great in return, check out our osce checklist booklet containing over 100 osce checklists in pdf format. Nephrotic syndrome doesn t affect renal function while nephritic syndrome reduces renal function. Minimal change disease is characterised as a cause of nephrotic syndrome without visible changes in the glomerulus on microscopy. Nephrotic syndrome vs nephritic syndrome explained. But the fine line which makes them two separate disease entities is drawn across the degree of proteinuria, if the protein loss is higher than 3.
Nephrotic vs nephritic syndrome renal geeky medics. However, there may be considerable overlap in their clinical presentation with some diseases presenting with components of both syndromes. The differential diagnosis is generally the same for patients with nephrotic syndrome and for nephrotic range proteinuria. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis. The urine will often appear smoky in colour due to the presence of rbc casts. The main causes share intraglomerular inflammation and include vasculitis, antibodymediated damage, and immune complex disease. The key with nephrotic syndrome is an excess amount of protein in the urine, whereas nephritic syndrome is where there is an excess amount. In a nephritic syndrome, all of these occur plus there is hematuria or blood in the urine. Pdf 1207 treatment and diagnosis of the nephritic syndrome. Nov 07, 20 nephrotic syndrome has normal complement levels while nephritic syndrome features low complement levels. Feb 04, 2020 nephrotic syndrome is characterized by severe proteinuria, i. Diagnosis and management charles kodner, md, university of louisville school of medicine, louisville, kentucky i n nephrotic syndrome, a variety of disorders cause. In nephritic syndrome, youd expect urine sediment with red cells, white cells, and protein, but not to the same level as you see with nephrotic. The many different causes of glomerular disease can be generally classified into one of three major.
Pediatric nephrotic syndrome differential diagnoses. Roger seheult, md of illustrates the key differences between the nephrotic and nephritic syndromes. Mar 15, 2016 nephrotic syndrome ns consists of peripheral edema, heavy proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia, often with hyperlipidemia. Nephrotic syndrome ns consists of peripheral edema, heavy proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia, often with hyperlipidemia.
The nephritic syndrome is a complex of symptoms, in which significant proteinuria occurs, while the permeability of the glomerulus for proteins rises, hypoproteinemia develops, edema develops. Generally, the prognosis of nephritic syndrome in children is better than it is in adults. Nephrotic syndrome poc nephritic syndrome edema hypoalbuminemia proteinuria hypercholesterolemia not essential characteristic htn mild edema oliguria azotemia high jvp dark urine any inflammation cause proteinuria then edema then hypovolemia then more hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidemia mechanism 2 immunological disorder causing thickening. It often occurs in the glomerulus, where it is called glomerulonephritis. The diagnosis of ns is based on typical clinical features with confir. Nephrotic syndrome may appear as a primary idiopathic renal disease or occur in association with any of a number of systemic conditions and hereditary diseases. An overview of nephrotic and nephritic syndrome, including key clinical features and differences. Nephrotic vs nephritic syndrome nephrotic and nephritic syndromes are common childhood conditions presenting with oedema and proteinuria. Minimal change disease typically presents with edema, an increase in proteins passed from urine and decrease in blood protein levels, and an increase in circulating lipids i. Nephrotic syndrome is an important clinical condition affecting both children and adults. Laboratory findings include hematuria, proteinuria nephrotic syndrome both nephritic syndrome and nephrotic syndrome are renal disorders which share few common symptoms. Nephrotic syndrome is caused by primary or secondary diseases that harm the filters in your kidneys.
Oct 20, 2020 nephrotic syndrome is an important clinical condition affecting both children and adults. Difference between nephrotic syndrome and nephritic syndrome. Jun 10, 2009 in nephritic syndrome, there is some proteinuria and edema, but its not nearly as severe as in nephrotic syndrome. Most children up to 80% will go on to relapse several times proteinuria 3d with edema. Difference between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome. One of the defining features used to determine the difference between nephritic and nephrotic syndromes is the amount of protein in the urine. The nephritic syndrome is associated with hematuria and proteinuria and.
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